Hyperpigmentation is darkening of areas of skin caused by excess melanin production. Common forms include post inflammatory pigmentation left behind by acne or injury, sun induced spots, and melasma. Deeper skin tones are more prone to persistent marks.
Treatment depends on the type and depth of pigment: daily sunscreen is universal, while prescription creams containing retinoids or fading agents target stubborn areas. Assessment matters because treating the wrong type, or treating without sun protection, can worsen the result.